The article presents an analysis and reflection on the evaluation results of the new combat fitness test in the U.S. Army. It covers the pass rates among different genders, age groups, and personnel in various positions during the period from 2018 to 2021. The article discusses how the results of the new combat fitness test are influenced by factors such as age, gender, position, and job role. It suggests that adopting scientific training methods can effectively improve the pass rates. The article also emphasizes the need to avoid a one-size-fits-all approach in the development of fitness test standards and highlights the importance of scientific training and enhancing post-assessment monitoring measures.

Motion capture is an important method of biomechanics research in sports science. Motion capture could be realized through three methods manual recognition, marker-based and marker-less. The methods of manual recognition is time consuming and subjective. The method of marker-based affects human motion and the test environment is limited, while marker-less motion capture method can effectively solve these problems. Marker-less motion capture originated from computer vision and machine learning, which could estimate human posture from images and videos. The key technologies mainly include contour extraction, pose estimation and tracking. Marker-less motion capture is under development. There are a large number of public datasets for the development of marker-less motion capture. A few marker-less motion capture systems were published, including STAGE, Theia3D, FastMove and so on. Some studies have applied marker-less motion capture to the research of sports science and motion analysis, but the kinematic parameters might not meet the accuracy requirements of sports science. Compared with traditional motion capture methods, marker-less motion capture method is more portable and lower cost. Marker-less motion capture would be widely used in sports science research in the future.

Based on the physiological and biomechanical mechanism of integrative neuromuscular training on the prevention and rehabilitation of ACL injury and the assessment of knee dysfunction, the effect of integrative neuromuscular training on the rehabilitation and prevention of ACL injury was comprehensively analyzed. It has been found that the main mechanisms of integrative neuromuscular training to prevent lower limb injury are stimulating muscle and nerve regeneration and repair, improving muscle strength and coordination, rebuilding proprioception, improving muscle strength distribution around knee joint, and optimizing joint motion trajectory. Integrative neuromuscular training can effectively rehabilitate knee functional symptoms after ACL surgery, improve posture control and neuromuscular control ability, strengthen proprioception, enhance dynamic stability of knee joint, reduce the incidence of ACL injury, and reduce the occurrence of secondary injury, so as to help patients better return to exercise.

Sports injury prediction is a critical research direction in the fields of sports science and medicine. Traditional methods exhibit significant limitations due to their reliance on single data source and subjective judgment, whereas artificial intelligence technologies such as machine learning and deep learning can fully leverage multi-source data to identify risk patterns of sports injuries under multifactorial interactions. Building upon a review of recent studies, this paper explores the application of multi-source data fusion and AI technologies in sports injury prediction, summarizing common implementation processes that encompass three main steps: multi-source data acquisition and preprocessing, feature extraction and fusion, and prediction model construction and evaluation. Practical research cases in specific sports disciplines demonstrate the high accuracy and significant application value of these technologies in injury prediction. However, current studies still face challenges including limited training sample sizes for AI models, insufficient multi-source data fusion, and low real-world implementation rates. Future efforts should focus on promoting data standardization and sharing, strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration to accelerate technological deployment, ultimately providing intelligent solutions for sports injury prediction and early intervention.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent metabolic bone disease among postmenopausal women, emerging as a major public health concern. Studies indicate that this population is susceptible to hormonal dysregulation, which disrupts bone metabolic balance, reduces bone mineral density, and accelerates osteoporosis progression. This study analyzes postmenopausal hormonal metabolic disorders, demonstrates the significant efficacy of physical activity interventions in osteoporosis prevention and treatment, and proposes early prevention strategies combining exercise with pharmacological approaches. These findings provide valuable clinical references for managing postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Objective: To observe the effect of the AP (Athletes’ Performance) training system on preventing lower limb sports injuries during military training. Methods: 426 recruits from a specific class were selected and randomly divided into two groups: the intervention group (196 recruits) and the control group(204 recruits). The control group performed regular warm-up exercises, such as jogging and stretching, while the intervention group adopted the AP training system. Both groups then participated in military training activities for a total of 13 weeks. Training-related injuries were diagnosed and recorded by military doctors during this period. Results: After 13 weeks of training, knee ligament injuries, abrasions, muscle strains, and ankle sprains were the most common injuries. The incidence rates of knee ligament injuries, patellar tendinitis, ankle sprains, muscle strains, and tendon lacerations were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.05). However, for other training injuries, no significant difference was found between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion: The AP training system can significantly reduce the incidence of lower limb soft tissue injuries in new recruits. It has no significant effect on the occurrence of strain-related injuries and other types of injuries. The implementation of the AP training system in military training can help reduce lower limb sports injuries and prevent training-related injuries in new recruits.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure biomechanics of ankle and foot with knee braces during half-squat parachute landing.Evaluate effect of knee braces on dynamic biomechanics of ankle and foot. Methods: A tolal of 20 male paratroopers with formal parachute training and more than one year of parachute jumping experience. Inclusion criteria: Male, under 30 years old, parachute experience over one year, parachuting more than 6 times, and no knee, ankle and foot injuries that affect function within 3 months. Exclusion criteria: Failure to fulfill the annual routine skydiving training, other injuries or diseases of limbs and trunk in the process of treatment and rehabilitation in three months.Average years (22.79±3.73yrs), Average height(179.46± 5.17 cm), Aaverage weight(70.97±7.85kg), Average parachute experience (1.50±0.83yrs ).Each subject jumped from two heights (40 and 80 cm) and landed on force plates in a half-squat posture. with three different knee protective conditions (no-brace, elastic brace, and semi-rigid brace). The Vicon 3D motion capture system and force plate were used to record and analysis kinematic and kinetic data, which consisted of maximum vertical ground-reaction force(M VGRF), loading time(LT), buffer time(BT), maximum ankle joint dorsiflexion displacement(MAJDD), maximum dorsiflexion angle velocity(MDAV), maximum ankle joint dorsiflexion angle(MAJDA). Results: With the height increases, there were an increase in maximum vertical ground reaction forces.The loading time of no- brace and elastic brace is reduced. The cushion time of elastic brace is prolonged. The maximum ankle joint dorsiflexion displacement of semi-rigid brace increases. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At a height of 40cm, the vertical ground reaction forces of no- brace and elastic brace and semi-rigid brace decrease sequentially. The loading time of semi-rigid brace is longer than that of no- brace and elastic brace.The maximum dorsiflexion angle velocity of elastic brace and semi-rigid brace increased compared to no- brace.The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Under 80cm height, the vertical ground reaction forces of no- brace and elastic brace and semi-rigid brace decrease sequentially and the loading time is prolonged. The cushion time of elastic brace and semi-rigid brace is shorter than that of no- brace. The maximum ankle joint dorsiflexion displacement of elastic brace and semi-rigid brace increases. there were a statistically difference(P<0.05). Discussion: Under the same height, the elastic knee braces and semi-rigid knee brace can reduce ground reaction forces. With the height increasing, the elastic knee braces has little effect on the biomechanical parameters of the ankle and does not increase the risk of ankle injury.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the global efficacy of exercise on body composition, body functions, inflammation, and metabolic indicators in older patients with sarcopenic obesity and to generate an evidence-based rationale for its promotion and application. Methods: Databases including CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus were extensively reviewed from inception to January 2024. Literature assessment, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted by two independent researchers using Cochrane Evaluation Tool, Review Manager 5.4 for meta-analysis, and funnel plot testing for publication bias. Results: A total of 11 studies involving 664 patients were selected. Exercise can markedly lessen patient body mass index (P<0.001), body fat rate (P<0.001), and visceral fat area (P<0.001), yet it does not enhance total skeletal muscle mass (P=0.86), nor skeletal muscle mass index (P=0.28). Exercise can notably improve patient grip strength (P=0.02), gait speed (P=0.01), chair up test (P<0.001) and single leg standing time (P=0.10), while minimizing stand walk timing test duration (P<0.001). Exercise noticeably elevates IGF-1 levels in patients (P=0.002), while having minimal influence on IL-6 (P=0.62), C-reactive protein (P=0.20), leptin (P=0.29), Triglycerides (P=0.35) and total serum cholesterol (P=0.27). Conclusion: Exercise effectively reduces body fat, enhances physical function, and IGF-1 levels, while having no significant effect on muscle mass, inflammatory factors, and blood lipids.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of pulse magnetic therapy combined with low-temperature shock analgesia in the treatment of acute ankle sprain. Methods: 56 patients with acute ankle sprain were selected and randomly divided into a study group and a control group using a random number table. The control group was treated with a combination of pulse magnetic and Shangshi Zhitong plaster while the study group was treated with a combination of pulse magnetic and low-temperature shock analgesia. VAS, AOFAS, and Kofoed scoring methods were used to compare ankle pain, swelling, and functional recovery. Results: After treatment, the study group showed better than the control group on VAS scores and swelling relief in the posterior ankle joint, which was. significantly different (P<0.05). Both the study group and the control group showed substantial improvement in AOFAS and Kofoed scores after treatment, with the former than the latter is significantly better, and the divergence has a significance of stats (P<0.05). Conclusion: Pulse magnetic combined with low-temperature shock analgesia has a definite therapeutic effect on acute ankle sprain, with significant effects in shortening rehabilitation time, reducing pain and swelling, and restoring joint function.

With the intensification of global population aging, the elderly population is facing significant challenges of cerebral vascular function degradation and cognitive decline. Aerobic exercise, as a widely used and low-cost intervention to improve cerebrovascular status, significantly prevents cerebrovascular diseases. This article reviews the mechanism of the effects of aerobic exercise on the cerebral vasculature and cognitive function in elderly individuals, discussing five aspects: hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), cerebral vascular reactivity (CVR), cerebral blood flow (CBF), endothelial cells (EC), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Research has shown that aerobic exercise can increase cerebral blood flow perfusion in the hippocampus and ACC, improve CVR, increase CBF, and enhance the supply of oxygen and nutrients in the brain, thereby promoting the metabolic activity of nerve cells. Enhance EC function, promote the synthesis and release of BDNF, and improve cognitive performance. Future research needs to explore further the specific mechanisms behind aerobic exercise improving cerebrovascular and cognitive function and investigate the effects of different types, frequencies, intensities, and personalized exercise intervention programs on the elderly population, providing a more solid theoretical basis for aerobic exercise to improve cerebrovascular and cognitive function in the elderly.

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in sports injury prevention is becoming increasingly widespread. With the support of AI, the collection of human movement data, the analysis and processing of complex movement data, and the construction of intelligent sports injury prevention models have become more convenient, helping researchers to predict sports injuries with greater accuracy. This paper integrates research on sports injury prevention based on AI technology, systematically outlines and analyzes the general building process of AI models, summarizes key technical aspects in constructing sports injury prevention models, evaluates the strengths and limitations of current methods, and explores future research directions. Although existing studies have achieved some progress, several challenges remain. Future research should focus on enhancing data security technology, building data-sharing platforms, and exploring the application of multimodal approaches.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and feasibility of FMS test and individualized corrective training in preventing military training injuries. Method: An army brigade with 640 officers and soldiers as research subjects was divided into experimental and control groups according to the randomization grouping, with 320 officers and soldiers in each group. Before the beginning of the experiment, the FMS test score was performed, and the experimental group performed corrective training based on the test score results. In contrast, the control group did not impose any intervention. After 12 weeks of training, the test and assessment were repeated. New military training injuries within 12 weeks were counted after completion of the intervention. Results: There was no statistical significance between the two groups of officers and soldiers on parameters such as age and BMI (P>0.05), and the FMS score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group after receiving 12 weeks of corrective training, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of military training injuries in the experimental and control groups 12 weeks after the intervention was 7.5% versus 19.4%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The experimental group improved their basic physical performance compared to the control group after 12 weeks of intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: (1) Corrective training can improve the FMS test scores of officers and soldiers. (2)Military training injuries can be prevented by FMS screening with corresponding corrective training. (3) Basic physical fitness performance of officers and soldiers can be improved by FMS screening with corresponding corrective training.

Objective: Recruits were instructed on corrective training based on the results of the Evaluation of Military Physical Function (EMPF) and evaluated for motor performance enhancement and training injury prevention effects. Methods: An EMPF test was conducted on 339 new recruits, who were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group. The control group continued to implement the original training plan, while those with abnormal EMPF results in the intervention group additionally conducted corrective exercise for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, another EMPF was conducted to evaluate the incidence of training injuries and training performance in both groups. Results: After 8 weeks, the total score of EMPF in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Additionally, the intervention group showed significantly improved performance in the snake run and pull-up compared to the control group (P<0.01). The incidence of training injuries in the intervention group (6.87%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (14.90%) (P<0.05). Conclusion: The EMPF scale can be used to assess the risk of sports injury. Corrective training interventions can be implemented for individuals with abnormal EMPF results, which can effectively improve the athletic ability of officers and soldiers, improve weak links in movement patterns, and reduce the risk of sports injury.

The research on sports science and health is facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities in the wave of new technologies. Emerging technologies such as wearable devices and artificial intelligence offer the possibility to accurately monitor exercise data, provide personalized plans, and contribute to disease prevention and rehabilitation. However, issues such as data privacy protection, technical reliability and high costs urgently need to be overcome. In terms of the development path, interdisciplinary integration is required to promote the combination of theory and practice, a standardized data management system should be established to ensure information security, and the popularization of technologies should be promoted to expand the scope of application, so that emerging technologies can give full play to their effectiveness in this field and promote the research on sports science and health to a new height.

Objective: To investigate the surgical technique and efficacy of arthroscopic reduction and “8” suture fixation for tibial insertion avulsion fractures of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in children assisted by Lumbar puncture needle through bone tunnel. Methods: From March 2019 to March 2023, 36 cases (36 knees) of tibial insertion avulsion fractures of ACL treated with arthroscopic reduction and “8” suture fixation through bone tunnel. Preoperatively, there were 13 cases of type Ⅱ, 17 cases of type Ⅲ, and 6 cases of type IV according to theMeyers-McKeever-Zaricz-yj classification, all of which were fresh fractures. Postoperative X-ray examinations were conducted to assess fracture reduction and healing. Lysholm and IKDC scores were compared between preoperation and postoperation. Surgical-related complications were recorded. Results: Postoperative follow-up was conducted for 13 to 25 (15.1 ±3.6) months. Radiographs at three months postoperatively showed complete fractures healing. At six months after surgery and at the last follow-up, Lysholm scores and IKDC scores were higher than preoperative respectively (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two time points (P>0.05). No complications such as suture loosening, rupture, or joint deformity occurred. Conclusion: Arthroscopic reduction and “8” suture fixation for tibial insertion avulsion fractures of ACL in children assisted by Lumbar puncture needle through bone tunnel can offer advantages such as minimal trauma, reliable fixation, early fracture healing, and good recovery of knee joint function, yielding satisfactory clinical outcomes.

The aim of this study was to investigate the rehabilitation strategies of chronic ankle instability (CAI), focusing on analyzing the effects of strength training combined with other exercise therapies on the rehabilitation effects of CAI patients. Through searching the relevant literature at home and abroad, this study comprehensively analyzed the studies on the intervention of strength training combined with other exercise therapies on CAI patients and evaluated the muscle activation, muscle strength, postural stability, and ankle instability symptoms. It was found that strength training combined with other exercise therapies performed better in shortening peroneal muscle reaction time, enhancing muscle strength, improving dynamic and static postural stability, and improving self-perceived ankle instability in patients with CAI compared with a single training regimen. There were differences in the improvement effects of different training programs on CAI patients. In conclusion, strength training combined with other exercise therapies can multifacetedly improve muscle activation, muscle strength and postural stability in CAI patients, thus enhancing neuromuscular control function, and then effectively alleviate the instability symptoms and improve the quality of life of CAI patients.